China’s Implementation of BRI 2.0 in Vietnam: Current Status, Motivations, and Impacts

Abstract

This article analyzes China’s implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative 2.0 (BRI 2.0) in Vietnam in the context of the initiative’s transition toward a “high-quality” phase. Based on an examination of key connectivity infrastructure projects - particularly cross-border railway corridors linking Vietnam and China - the study clarifies the modes of implementation, the forms of China’s participation, and the strategic objectives underlying these projects. From Vietnam’s perspective, BRI 2.0 projects may generate certain benefits, including improved infrastructure connectivity, reduced logistics costs, and the promotion of regional development. However, they also pose potential risks. On this basis, the article proposes several policy recommendations for Vietnam.