Developing PISA exercises in Natural Sciences for Grade 8 (Chemistry section) to assess the scientific cognitive abilities of secondary school students

Abstract

Based on the manifestations of natural science cognitive competency, the article proposes developing PISA-approach exercises for Natural Science 8 (Chemistry content) to assess the natural science cognitive competence of secondary school students. The results from the teacher’s opinion survey and expert interviews initially validated the feasibility and effectiveness of the exercises developed by the research, ensuring the assessment and differentiation of students’ natural science competence at various levels.