Vietnam’s policies on offshore green energy development toward Net-Zero goals

Abstract

Following Vietnam's commitment to achieving Net Zero emissions by 2050 at COP26, the country has identified offshore renewable energy development, particularly offshore wind power, as a critical pillar of its energy transition strategy. This paper analyzes the policy framework governing this sector, encompassing strategic orientations, master planning, and sector-specific policies. The study acknowledges initial achievements in establishing a relatively coherent policy architecture that demonstrates a paradigm shift toward green growth and sets forth ambitious quantitative targets. However, implementation faces significant challenges: an incomplete legal framework, particularly regarding marine spatial allocation; risks of marine spatial conflicts; legal uncertainties and institutional disruptions during the early phase of institutional reform; and limited implementation capacity. The paper proposes policy recommendations aimed at addressing these bottlenecks and strengthening the policy framework to facilitate the realization of Net Zero objectives within the evolving institutional context.