Organization of the Court system according to the three-tier model of some countries and experiences for Vietnam

Abstract

Following the adoption of the amended 2024 Law on the Organization of the People’s Courts, the judicial system has transitioned to a three-tier model. This transformation is not merely an administrative rearrangement but reflects a new mindset aimed at clearly delineating jurisdiction, specializing judicial activities, and ensuring the principle of judicial independence. For this groundbreaking model to be successful and effective, studying the experiences of countries that have successfully operated a three-tier court system is an urgent requirement. This selective learning will help Vietnam avoid potential challenges and build a strong, effective justice system that truly serves justice.