A FACILE ROUTE PREPARATION OF ANATASE TiO2 NANOPARTICLE FOR ENHANCING CUTTING PERFORMANCE OF AISI 304 STAINLESS STEELS

Abstract

In this study, anatase-phase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were synthesized using a straightforward electrochemical method, enhanced by applying of ultrasound waves. Various characterization measurement methods, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, were employed to examine the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles. The results indicated that the TiO₂ nanoparticles exhibited a uniform, sphere-like morphology, moreover a notable reduction in particle size related to the ultrasound assistance. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra provided further insight into the crystallographic and vibrational characteristics of the TiO₂ nanoparticles, confirming the presence of a highly crystalline anatase phase. The Raman spectra specifically highlighted the phonon vibrational modes corresponding to the E_g, B_1g, and A_1g modes, which are characteristic of the anatase phase, demonstrating the improved crystallinity achieved through the ultrasound-assisted method. In addition, when these anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles were incorporated into lubricating oil, the cutting performance of AISI stainless steel was significantly improved. This enhancement underscores the potential of ultrasound-assisted TiO₂ nanoparticles synthesis in developing advanced, high-performance lubricating systems.