STUDY ON MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HOMALOMENA PENDULA

Abstract

Homalomena pendula have been used in traditional medicine for a long time. This study aimed to investigate the microscopic features of H. pendula and assess its biological activities. The microscopic characteristics were determined by the microscopic method. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were evaluated by using Ellman method and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging model, respectively. Notably, this is the first report to provide a detailed of the anatomical and powder characteristics of the plant’s leaves and roots. The research revealed that the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of H. pendula exhibited moderate activity in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase and displaying antioxidant properties, with an IC₅₀ value of 133.87 ± 2.76 mg/ml and 69.51 ± 0.05 mg/ml, respectively. Other extracts did not show any notable activity under the study’s experimental conditions. These findings have significant implications for the usage of H. pendula in traditional medicine and highlight its potential as a source of natural compounds with therapeutic properties.