Evaluate the antioxidant and gastric ulcer protection activities of Sonneratia apetala Lythraceae leaf extract

Abstract

    This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity, acute oral toxicity, and gastroprotective effects of Sonneratia apetala (SA) leaf extract. SA’s antioxidant effect was determined by the DPPH scavenging method. In vivo tests were performed on Swiss albino mice (6-8) weeks old, weighing (20 to 24) g. SA’s leaf extract was evaluated for acute oral toxicity in vivo according to the OECD 423 guideline. The gastroprotective activity was assessed using the HCl-ethanol (40/60) – induced gastric ulcer model, administered at a volume of 10 mL/kg. The results showed that this extract showed antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 41.92 µg/mL, did not cause acute oral toxicity at a concentration of 5,000 mg/kg, and was classified in category 6 – almost non-toxic level. By gastric ulcer mouse model, after appilcation of this leaf extract of Sonneratia apetala at two different concetrations of (250 and 500) mg/kg, the severity of ulcers, total number of ulcers, ulcer index and histological ulcerative inflammation were reduced significantly, as compared to the control group (p > 0.05) but was less effective than esomeprazole 20 mg/kg. Results provided a foundation for the development of products derived from Sonneratia apetala for the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcers.