Some notes on using the term “toxic masculinity”

Abstract

This article clarifies the term “toxic masculinity” in gender research. Synthesizing reputable academic journals on gender, men, and masculinities under the discourse analysis approach, the study identifies that “toxic masculinity” highlights the negative dimensions of “traditional masculinity”, which adversely impact men’s physical and mental health. However, the concept also presents certain limitations. First, “toxic masculinity” is sometimes identified with “traditional masculinity”, resulting in the denigration of men. At other times, it contradicts “natural masculinity”, thereby attributing the toxic elements solely to the influence of modern society. Second, the term is often employed to identify specific individuals, specially those on the margins of society, which personalizes gender inequality issues rather than framing them as systemic problems. The authors argue that when employing “toxic masculinity” as an analytical concept, it should not be used as a tool for accusing individuals. Instead, it should serve as a critical instrument to gender stereotypes.