Study on biological activities of three saponins isolated from the fruits of Solanum torvum Sw. (Solanaceae)

Abstract

   Three saponosides (steroidal glycosides), neochlorogenin 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (S-1), (25S)-6α-hydroxy-5α-spirostan-3-on-6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (S-2) and solanolactoside A (S-3), previously isolated form the ethyl acetate fraction of Solanum torvum Sw. fruits were evaluated for cytotoxic activities against four cancer cells lines. In our study, S-1 showed moderate inhibitory activities against HepG2, K562 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values of (41.38 ± 2.53) mM; (23.04 ± 2.52) mM, and (12.04 ± 2.28) mM, respectively. S-2 exhibited strong cytotoxic effects on K562 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values of (12.04 ± 2.69) mM and (12.04 ± 2.99) mM, respectively. Meanwhile, the cytotoxic activities of S-3 against all tested cancer cell lines were not observed. The result of the study is consistent with previous studies on  S. torvum and provides more information to improve its application possibility for cancer treatment.