Research on modification of rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) using potassium silicate (K2SiO3)

Abstract

Potassium silicate (K₂SiO₃), also known as liquid glass, when used to treat wood, creates a series of physical changes in the wood structure that enhance moisture resistance, and thereby, it improves the physical properties of the wood. This experimental study evaluated the water absorption capacity and volumetric swelling rate of Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) after treatment with potassium silicate (K₂SiO₃) over different treatment durations. The results showed the influence of these factors through the following regression correlation equations:Water absorption function: Y₁ = 54.9 – 10.21·x₁ – 0.7765·x₂ – 0.49·x₁·x₂ – 0.5979·x₁² + 1.2·x₂², Volumetric swelling rate function:Y₂ = 7.23 – 1.02·x₁ – 0.6936·x₂ + 0.265·x₁·x₂ + 0.2359·x₁² + 0.115·x₂² The optimal result for reducing water absorption in rubberwood was achieved with a potassium silicate concentration of X₁ = 1,414 (N = 27,07%) and a treatment duration of X₂ = 0.348 (T = 3,348 hours). Meanwhile, the optimal result for minimizing the volumetric swelling rate was identified at a potassium silicate concentration of X₁ = –0,43 (N = 17,85%) and a treatment duration of X₂ = 0,619 (T = 3,619 hours).