SUN CHUNG-SHAN TRIDEMISM AND TURNING POINTS IN THE REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT OF VIETNAM AT THE START OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

Tridemism was first created in 1905 and is often considered the revolutionary program of Sun Chung-Shan (1866-1925). It is based on the principle of “Civic Nationalism – Governance Rights/Democracy – Welfare Rights”. The core tenets of his ideal quickly spread like wildfire across the nation, generating an unprecedented wave of political impact at the start of the 20th century and attracting tens of thousands of young men and women to step into the path of overthrowing the feudal government, building a democratic republic with criteria that both reflect humanistic universality while being deeply enriched with Chinese “Civic Nationalism”. Vietnamese patriots absorbed many radical lines of thought, including tridemism as well as the political program of the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) written by Sun Chung-Shan, which contained many similarities that can be adopted and utilized in the context of Vietnam