English as the Medium of Instruction in Higher Education in Vietnam and worldwide: Implementations and Recommendations

Abstract

English as the Medium of Instruction (EMI) is attracting significant attention from researchers and educators both globally and within Vietnam. Based on a comprehensive analysis of related studies, this paper synthesizes existing challenges in implementing high-quality EMI programs and proposes several recommendations to enhance the quality of EMI instruction at higher education institutions in Vietnam. The paper focuses on the development of the workforce involved in these programs and suggests training content for EMI instructors, including the development of teaching competencies, language proficiency, and intercultural skills.