Vaccination routes and humoral immune response of chickens against Newcastle disease virus and Infectious bronchitis virus

Abstract

In poultry, vaccination can be used by different routes, including: in-ovo, spray, drink, eye drop, wing web puncture, and injection. Nowadays, raising large numbers of poultry in each farm is developing, therefore, it is necessary to apply mass vaccination techniques to poultry flocks, including vaccine spraying technique. This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility to activate the primary immune response when administering vaccine by eye dropping and fog spraying. Bivalent attenuated vaccines against Newcastle disease and IB was administered by eye dropping and fog spraying, both activate the immune response even in the presence of passive antibodies. The anti-IBV antibodies, seroconversion occurred in 100% of the poultry individuals at the day 21th post vaccination in both routes of vaccine administration. The anti-NDV antibodies, seroconversion appeared later (at the day 28th post vaccination) with positive rates of 37.5% and 57.9% by eye dropping and fog spraying, respectively. The analysis results of individual vaccine-treated poultry showed that the fluctuations in specific antibodies against IBV and NDV basically coincide with the results of corresponding published studies around the world.