SHORT-TERM MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT THONG NHAT HOSPITAL

Abstract

Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompass serious complications that significantly impact the prognosis and quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Despite their clinical relevance, real-world data on short-term MACE in Vietnamese settings—particularly at Thong Nhat Hospital—remain limited. This study aims to determine the incidence of MACE during hospitalization and within 30 days post-admission among patients with AMI treated at Thong Nhat Hospital. A prospective cohort study was conducted on 259 patients diagnosed with AMI and admitted to the Emergency-Intervention Cardiology Department of Thong Nhat Hospital from October 2023 to June 2024. MACE was defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiogenic shock, recurrent myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. The in-hospital MACE rate was 26.64% (69/259), with acute heart failure being the most frequent event (16.22%), followed by cardiogenic shock (5.41%), all-cause mortality (4.63%), life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (3.86%), and recurrent myocardial infarction (1.93%). At 30 days, the cumulative MACE rate increased to 33.59% (87/259), with acute heart failure continuing to predominate (23.17%). The short-term incidence of MACE in patients with AMI at Thong Nhat Hospital remains substantial, particularly due to acute heart failure. These findings underscore the need for early risk stratification, intensive monitoring, and optimized, multimodal management strategies during the acute phase to improve clinical outcomes and reduce cardiovascular complications.