Jewel Orchids (Anoectochilus): micropropagation, cultivation, biological activities, and potential applications

Abstract

Anoectochilus sp is a precious medicinal plant used and exploited by many countries around the world, including Vietnam. Currently, there were many research on micropropagation, cultivation, analysis of secondary compounds and potential applications from varies differents species Anoectochilus. In this article, we summarized and updated information on optimal conditions for in vitro propagation, ex vitro, pharmacological activities and potential applications from A. roxburghii, A. setaceus, A. formosanus, A. sikkimensis, A. regalis A. lylei, A. burmannicus và A. anamensis. The in vitro results showed that Anoectochilus sp. was easily propagated on MS, supplemented with growth regulators such as BAP, Kinetine, NAA and TDZ by rapidly multiplying shoots, nodle and TCL. In addition, this orchid was susccesfully cultured with 100% survival rate by PBCM method and growth rate was optimized by coir crumbs, rice husk ash, Nitrophoska® Foliar fertilizer and neutral radiation. Furthermore, there were many secondary compounds in the spieces. They were axit stearic, axit palmitic, axit succinic, axit p-hydroxy cinnamic, o-hydroxy phenol, beta-sitosterol, daucosterol, gastrodin, gastrodigenisn, gastrodigenin and so on. In which, the main chemical components are polysaccharides, flavonoids, glycosides and kinsenosides having various potential effects to treat cough caused by pulmonary heat and tuberculosis, hemoptysis, hematuria, renal edema, snakebite, diabetes mellitus, acute hepatitis and chronic, kidney protection, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, immunomodulation.